Measuring corruption is notoriously challenging. Corruption is complex and secretive, which makes it very difficult to assess—no single tool can measure corruption exhaustively.

General corruption metrics and indices are extremely useful for directing and measuring reform. Transparency International provides several surveys and indices:The Corruption Perceptions Index, the Global Corruption Barometer, the Bribe Payers Index, and the Revenue Watch Index, as well as regional and national surveys and indices. The knowledge and methodologies of these national metrics can be applied to defence establishments.

Read more on Diagnosing Corruption Risks.

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